Research Abstracts

Small RO based desalination plants driven by solar power are attractive options, especially in areas with unreliable grid power supply. Batteries or other energy storage devices can be used to buffer against the inherent variability in solar power. However, the capital and maintenance cost of batter

In this work, a simple and cost-effective pretreatment upstream an UF membrane operation for the purification of the main olive mill effluent streams (OME) is examined. The raw wastewater was processed by a pH-temperature (T) flocculation process formerly studied at lab scale in previous work. In the p

In this study, we introduce a hybrid system that integrates a multi-stage vacuum membrane distillation (MVMD) with pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). The MVMD system employs a recycling flow scheme (MVDM-R) for the continuous production of both distillate water and highly concentrated brine. The concen

• We review recent progress in the computational study of graphene as an RO membrane. • We introduce graphene and current knowledge about its mass transport properties. • We examine six key mechanisms that govern salt rejection in graphene. • Molecular dynamics have played a dominant role in the stu

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have come a long way since it was first introduced during the late 80's. With properties in between those of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO), NF membranes have been used in many interesting applications especially in water and wastewater treatment and desalin

A far field mathematical model for two brine outfall discharges that incorporates the effect of an oscillating tidal current is used to study the merging and interaction of two brine plumes in coastal waters. The maximum compounded shoreline concentration is formulated and used as a measure for asses

Saline water such as seawater or brackish water is a potential source for drinking water or for non-potable applications, but the existing desalination techniques are energy intensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable desalination methods. Microbial desalination cells (MDCs)

The microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a newly-developed technology which integrates the microbial fuel cell (MFC) process and electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, water desalination and production of renewable energy. Due to free energy requirements and environmentally friendly technologies,

• Organosilica membranes with different pore sizes were made via soft-templating. • Calcination atmospheres influenced surface chemistry but not bulk hydrophobicity. • F127 templated membranes gave higher fluxes in MD but suffered from pore wetting. Organosilica membranes were successfully synthesized

The problem of water shortage affects not only human and industrial activities but also an adequate and sustainable food production. Water quality in agriculture does not have the same requirements as that of drinking water and also properly treated wastewaters can be used for irrigation. The two po